{"id":81,"date":"2025-09-11T09:06:15","date_gmt":"2025-09-11T09:06:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/diplomatica.tr\/?p=81"},"modified":"2025-10-07T17:13:36","modified_gmt":"2025-10-07T14:13:36","slug":"ab-butcesi-uzerinden-derinlesen-ayrismalar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/diplomatica.tr\/?p=81","title":{"rendered":"AB B\u00fct\u00e7esi \u00dczerinden Derinle\u015fen Ayr\u0131\u015fmalar"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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 2025 y\u0131l\u0131 itibariyle Avrupa Birli\u011fi (AB), hem i\u00e7 politikalar\u0131nda hem de b\u00fct\u00e7esel \u00f6nceliklerinde \u00f6nemli bir s\u0131navdan ge\u00e7iyor. Avrupa Komisyonu\u2019nun \u00f6zellikle Macaristan\u2019a uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 mali yapt\u0131r\u0131m, sadece mali boyutuyla de\u011fil, AB’nin temel ilkeleriyle olan ili\u015fkisi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan da tarih\u00ee bir d\u00f6n\u00fcm noktas\u0131 olarak de\u011ferlendiriliyor. Yakla\u015f\u0131k 18 milyar euroluk bir yard\u0131m paketi, Macaristan’\u0131n temel hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckler, yarg\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve medya \u00e7o\u011fulculu\u011fu gibi Avrupa de\u011ferleri a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemli konularda ciddi gerileme g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi gerek\u00e7esiyle donduruldu. Bu yard\u0131m\u0131n yaln\u0131zca 10,2 milyar euroluk k\u0131sm\u0131, baz\u0131 reform \u015fartlar\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak serbest b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131; kalan fonlar ise h\u00e2l\u00e2 ask\u0131ya al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f durumda.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu geli\u015fme, Avrupa Komisyonu’nun “hukukun \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc” ilkesine ne denli \u00f6nem verdi\u011fini g\u00f6sterse de, ayn\u0131 zamanda AB i\u00e7indeki do\u011fu-bat\u0131 ayr\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 derinle\u015ftiren bir etki de yaratt\u0131. \u00d6zellikle Avrupa Parlamentosu’nda 26 milletvekilinin, Komisyon’u yeterince kararl\u0131 davranmamakla su\u00e7lamas\u0131 ve Macaristan’a ait t\u00fcm fonlar\u0131n kesilmesini istemesi, bu meseledeki sertle\u015fen tutumlar\u0131 ortaya koydu. Ancak hukukun \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc koruma ad\u0131na al\u0131nan bu tedbirler, AB i\u00e7inde yeni siyasi gerilimlerin ve kar\u015f\u0131t blokla\u015fmalar\u0131n da \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc a\u00e7m\u0131\u015f durumda.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu karar\u0131n hemen ard\u0131ndan, aralar\u0131nda Bulgaristan, Yunanistan, \u0130talya, Macaristan ve Polonya gibi \u00fclkelerin de bulundu\u011fu toplam 14 AB \u00fcyesi \u00fclke, Avrupa Komisyonu\u2019nun b\u00fct\u00e7e plan\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 ortak bir bildiri yay\u0131mlad\u0131. Bu grup, Komisyon\u2019un \u00f6ne s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u201ctek ulusal plan\u201d modeline do\u011frudan itiraz etti. Bu modele g\u00f6re, her \u00fclke Komisyon\u2019un onaylad\u0131\u011f\u0131 tek bir b\u00fct\u00e7e plan\u0131 \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde hareket etmek zorunda kalacakt\u0131. Ancak 14\u2019l\u00fc grup, b\u00f6yle bir yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n fazla merkeziyet\u00e7i oldu\u011funu, yerel \u00f6ncelikleri ve b\u00f6lgesel kalk\u0131nma hedeflerini d\u0131\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 savundu. Bu \u00fclkeler, b\u00fct\u00e7enin tek bir merkezden y\u00f6netilmesinin de\u011fil, her \u00fclkenin kendi ekonomik yap\u0131s\u0131na ve yerel ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131na g\u00f6re esnek bi\u00e7imde kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n daha do\u011fru olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade etti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

G\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015fte yaln\u0131zca teknik bir b\u00fct\u00e7e tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 gibi duran 14\u2019l\u00fc bildirinin asl\u0131nda \u00e7ok daha derin bir siyasi anlam ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Bu a\u00e7\u0131klamay\u0131 yapan \u00fclkelerin b\u00fcy\u00fck b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc, \u00f6zellikle Do\u011fu ve G\u00fcney Avrupa\u2019da yer almakta ve uzun s\u00fcredir Avrupa Birli\u011fi i\u00e7inde ikincil konumda b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131na inanmakta. Avrupa Komisyonu\u2019nun Macaristan\u2019a y\u00f6nelik sert yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131, ilk bak\u0131\u015fta hukukun \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi temel de\u011ferlere dayan\u0131yor gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnse de, bir\u00e7ok ba\u015fkentte bu yakla\u015f\u0131m \u00e7ifte standartl\u0131 ve d\u0131\u015flay\u0131c\u0131 olarak alg\u0131lan\u0131yor. Komisyon\u2019un Macaristan\u2019a y\u00f6nelik sert tutumu, idealist bir hukuk savunusu olarak sunulsa da, bu kararl\u0131l\u0131k baz\u0131 \u00fcye devletlerde siyasi ayr\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 derinle\u015ftiren bir unsur haline geliyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu ba\u011flamda, bildiriyi imzalayan 14 \u00fclkenin, Macaristan\u2019a do\u011frudan sahip \u00e7\u0131kmasa da ortak a\u00e7\u0131klama arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla dolayl\u0131 bir destek sundu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenebilir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc s\u00f6z konusu bildiri, yaln\u0131zca merkezi b\u00fct\u00e7e planlamas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 bir duru\u015f de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda Br\u00fcksel merkezli karar alma yap\u0131s\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 topyek\u00fcn bir tepkiyi yans\u0131t\u0131yor. Komisyon\u2019un merkezile\u015fme e\u011filimine kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karken, ayn\u0131 zamanda Macaristan gibi \u00fclkelerin yaln\u0131zla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na da mesafeli durulmas\u0131, AB i\u00e7inde yeni bir \u00e7\u0131kar ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve b\u00f6lgesel blokla\u015fma e\u011filiminin y\u00fckseldi\u011fini g\u00f6steriyor. Ba\u015fka bir ifadeyle Macaristan bu bildiride yaln\u0131zca imzac\u0131 olarak de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda savunulan fikirlerin somut \u00f6rne\u011fi olarak da arka planda temsil ediliyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sonu\u00e7 olarak, Macaristan\u2019a y\u00f6nelik yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar hukuki a\u00e7\u0131dan gerek\u00e7elendirilebilir olsa da, bu kararlar\u0131n AB\u2019nin i\u00e7 b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00fczerinde yaratabilece\u011fi olas\u0131 etkileri g\u00f6z ard\u0131 edilemez. Avrupa Komisyonu\u2019nun hukukun \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc konusundaki kararl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, Bat\u0131 Avrupa\u2019daki bir\u00e7ok kesim taraf\u0131ndan memnuniyetle kar\u015f\u0131lan\u0131rken; \u00f6zellikle ekonomik olarak daha k\u0131r\u0131lgan ve siyasi olarak daha ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k\u00e7\u0131 olan \u00fcyelerde \u201cikinci s\u0131n\u0131f muamele g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz\u201d hissiyat\u0131n\u0131 besleyebilir. Bu durum, yaln\u0131zca g\u00fcncel bir kriz de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda AB\u2019nin gelece\u011fine dair daha derin ve yap\u0131sal tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc a\u00e7abilecek bir k\u0131r\u0131lma noktas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu a\u00e7\u0131dan 14 \u00fclkenin ortak bildirisi, yaln\u0131zca mevcut b\u00fct\u00e7e plan\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 bir teknik itiraz de\u011fil; ayn\u0131 zamanda Birlik i\u00e7inde daha adil, yerinden y\u00f6netimi esas alan ve \u00e7o\u011fulcu bir yap\u0131n\u0131n savunusudur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki b\u00fct\u00e7e g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeleri bu anlamda yaln\u0131zca paran\u0131n hangi \u00fclkeye ne kadar gidece\u011fini de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda AB\u2019nin nas\u0131l bir siyasi birlik olarak \u015fekillenece\u011fini de belirleyecek. Bug\u00fcn ya\u015fanan tart\u0131\u015fmalar, belki de AB\u2019nin i\u00e7inde kal\u0131c\u0131 bir b\u00f6l\u00fcnmenin ve farkl\u0131 h\u0131zlarda ilerleyen yap\u0131sal bir d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn habercisidir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

 2025 y\u0131l\u0131 itibariyle Avrupa Birli\u011fi (AB), hem i\u00e7 politikalar\u0131nda hem de b\u00fct\u00e7esel \u00f6nceliklerinde \u00f6nemli bir s\u0131navdan ge\u00e7iyor. Avrupa<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[172,147,159],"class_list":["post-81","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-siyaset","tag-ab-butcesi","tag-avrupa-birligi","tag-macaristan"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/diplomatica.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/81","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/diplomatica.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/diplomatica.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/diplomatica.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/diplomatica.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=81"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/diplomatica.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/81\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":509,"href":"https:\/\/diplomatica.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/81\/revisions\/509"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/diplomatica.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=81"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/diplomatica.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=81"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/diplomatica.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=81"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}